In this framework, since 2019 we have been investigating the role of companies in addressing ocean challenges, from new perspectives. B4OS focuses on companies’ awareness, strategies, and innovative practices, investigating not only the direct pressures generated by industrial and consumption activities but also the indirect pressures on marine and coastal ecosystems, thus extending the boundaries of the analysis.
Furthermore, the research adopts a supply chain perspective and provides a review of relevant innovations and good practices at different stages of production and consumption, from raw materials to end-of-life. The last development of the research is exploring the value of “Blue Business Opportunities”, which have the potential to generate value for companies by protecting the ocean.